![]() Obesity is a chronic inflammatory disease which is associated with activation of HIF signaling in various tissues. Furthermore, the HIF-driven pathophysiological mechanisms that are involved in the progression of fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. The upstream pathways and signaling cues that are involved in the activation of HIF, independent of intracellular oxygen levels, remain unknown. However, chronic activation of HIF is shown to be detrimental and can lead to the numerous pathologies including fatty liver. A highly conserved transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) orchestrates the adaptive response to low oxygen levels (hypoxia). Adaptation to the changes in intracellular oxygen levels is a challenge to the tissues particularly liver, a hub of all metabolic responses. ![]()
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